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- Buildings That Scrape the Sky
- Wenzel Humanities
- Fall Term
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- 1880-1900
- Louis Sullivan built his Auditorium Building in Chicago
- Chicago fire guts the downtown, prompting rebuilding
- Birth of Elevators
- C. Vanderbilt brought the idea of a skyscraper to New York
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- 1900-1920
- 1903 saw the Flatiron Bldg. and the Woolworth Bldg. (copied European
ideas)
- This period also saw the Singer Bldg. And the Met. Life Tower � it
resembled St. Mark�s Equitable Bldg. in N.Y. and cast shadows for 4
blocks.
- Greatest architect of this period was Cass Gilberts � the architect of
the Woolworth.
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4
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5
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- Higher grade steel and more/better elevators
- Chrysler Bldg. (1930)
- Empire St. Bldg. (1931)
- Chicago Tribune Bldg. (1925)
- All with Asian influences
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- Based on Moorish and Renaissance style � key example is the Wrigley
Building
- Alternatively, there is the style of many architects, a city within a
city � the Rockefeller Center
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8
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- Predominant in buildings built from 1950 to 1970.
- Most famous from this period was Mies van der Rohe � a refugee in WWII
employing a style without decoration, much like what was being done at
Bauhaus by Gropius.
- Feature building is the John Hancock, it mixed other skyscraper
concepts. The architect in charge of the project was Fazlur Khan
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9
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10
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- 1970-1980
- Key example is the Xerox Center, designed by Jahn. The curved white face
represents a piece of paper out of a copier. It is covered in white
painted aluminum.
- Other examples are the IDS Center and the Citicorp Center in N.Y.
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11
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12
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- From 1980 on.
- Featured buildings include � the Petrona Towers
- 333 Whacker Drive
- Trump Tower on 5th Avenue (1983) � considered ugly
- First Interstate Bank Tower (1985) � considered beautiful
- AT&T Building in Chicago (1985)
- Bank of China by I.M. Pei (1988)
- However, at this point in time, 20% of skyscraper space is unoccupied,
prompting architects to move to Germany, and Asia to work.
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14
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15
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